{"id":4240,"date":"2025-11-29T14:48:12","date_gmt":"2025-11-29T14:48:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mth-partner.de\/?p=4240"},"modified":"2025-11-30T11:44:46","modified_gmt":"2025-11-30T11:44:46","slug":"auslaenderrecht-die-rechtsfolgen-der-verpflichtungserklaerung-hinsichtlich-der-erstattung-von-sozialleistungen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mth-partner.de\/en\/immigration-law-the-legal-consequences-of-the-declaration-of-commitment-regarding-the-reimbursement-of-social-benefits\/","title":{"rendered":"Immigration Law: The Legal Consequences of the Declaration of Commitment Regarding the Reimbursement of Social Benefits"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 data-start=\"95\" data-end=\"153\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Ausgangspunkt_Was_ist_eine_Verpflichtungserklarung\"><\/span>1. starting point: What is a declaration of commitment?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"155\" data-end=\"403\">Anyone who invites someone from abroad to Germany - whether for a visit, to study, for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mth-partner.de\/en\/immigration-law-action-for-failure-to-act-for-a-visa-for-family-reunification-with-son-and-husband\/\">Family reunification<\/a> or as part of humanitarian programmes - very quickly come across the \u201edeclaration of commitment\u201c in accordance with Section 68 of the Residence Act (AufenthG).<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"405\" data-end=\"750\">With this declaration, a person (the guarantor) promises the foreigners authority or a German diplomatic mission abroad that they will pay for the foreigner's living expenses. This promise is not just a mere promise: it leads to far-reaching, enforceable liability towards the job centre, social welfare office or other authorities.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"752\" data-end=\"1107\">Since 2016, the legislator has limited the duration of liability and at the same time clarified that recognised refugees and other humanitarian residence permits also do not automatically waive liability. Case law - particularly from the Federal Administrative Court and the Higher Administrative Courts - has further developed these basic principles.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"1114\" data-end=\"1164\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Gesetzliche_Grundlagen_Stand_November_2025\"><\/span>2 Legal basis (as at November 2025)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 data-start=\"1166\" data-end=\"1217\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"21_%C2%A7%E2%80%AF68_AufenthG_%E2%80%93_Haftung_fur_Lebensunterhalt\"><\/span>2.1 Section 68 AufenthG - Liability for living expenses<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1219\" data-end=\"1253\">Today, Section 68 (1) AufenthG regulates this:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1255\" data-end=\"1876\">\n<li data-start=\"1255\" data-end=\"1299\">\n<p data-start=\"1257\" data-end=\"1299\">Anyone who submits a declaration of commitment,<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1300\" data-end=\"1346\">\n<p data-start=\"1302\" data-end=\"1346\">has <strong data-start=\"1306\" data-end=\"1344\">for a period of five years<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1347\" data-end=\"1581\">\n<p data-start=\"1349\" data-end=\"1398\">all <strong data-start=\"1359\" data-end=\"1382\">public funds<\/strong> to be reimbursed,<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1401\" data-end=\"1581\">\n<li data-start=\"1401\" data-end=\"1476\">\n<p data-start=\"1403\" data-end=\"1476\">which are used for the subsistence of the invited person,<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1479\" data-end=\"1581\">\n<p data-start=\"1481\" data-end=\"1581\">including the cost of housing and care in the event of illness and the need for long-term care,<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1582\" data-end=\"1703\">\n<p data-start=\"1584\" data-end=\"1703\"><strong data-start=\"1584\" data-end=\"1597\">even if<\/strong> these services on a <strong data-start=\"1625\" data-end=\"1650\">legal claim<\/strong> of the foreigner (e.g. AsylbLG, citizen's allowance).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1704\" data-end=\"1876\">\n<p data-start=\"1706\" data-end=\"1876\"><strong data-start=\"1706\" data-end=\"1715\">Not<\/strong> expenses are to be reimbursed that are based <strong data-start=\"1762\" data-end=\"1782\">Contribution<\/strong> (e.g. regular health insurance contributions).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1878\" data-end=\"2087\">The point of reference is also important: the five-year period begins with the <strong data-start=\"1963\" data-end=\"2022\">entry made possible by the declaration of commitment<\/strong> (not with the signature or the granting of the visa).<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2089\" data-end=\"2221\">Particularly relevant in practice:<br data-start=\"2114\" data-end=\"2117\" \/>The declaration of commitment <strong data-start=\"2145\" data-end=\"2192\">does not expire before the end of these five years<\/strong>, if the invited person<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"2223\" data-end=\"2516\">\n<li data-start=\"2223\" data-end=\"2385\">\n<p data-start=\"2225\" data-end=\"2385\">a residence permit from <strong data-start=\"2252\" data-end=\"2311\">international law, humanitarian or political reasons<\/strong> (Section 5, Chapter 2 AufenthG, e.g. \u00a7 23, \u00a7 25 AufenthG) or<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2386\" data-end=\"2516\">\n<p data-start=\"2388\" data-end=\"2516\">is recognised as a refugee or person entitled to subsidiary protection in accordance with \u00a7 3 or \u00a7 4 AsylG.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2518\" data-end=\"2598\">This is the key standard for humanitarian admission programmes and asylum cases in particular.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"2600\" data-end=\"2668\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"22_%C2%A7%E2%80%AF68a_AufenthG_%E2%80%93_Ubergangsvorschrift_fur_Alt-Verpflichtungen\"><\/span>2.2 Section 68a Residence Act - Transitional provision for existing obligations<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"2670\" data-end=\"2793\">For declarations of commitment that <strong data-start=\"2705\" data-end=\"2731\">before 6 August 2016<\/strong> Section 68a of the Residence Act contains a special provision:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"2795\" data-end=\"3190\">\n<li data-start=\"2795\" data-end=\"2865\">\n<p data-start=\"2797\" data-end=\"2865\">The new system of limited liability also applies,<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2866\" data-end=\"2925\">\n<p data-start=\"2868\" data-end=\"2925\">However, the liability period is <strong data-start=\"2904\" data-end=\"2922\">only three years<\/strong>,<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2926\" data-end=\"3003\">\n<p data-start=\"2928\" data-end=\"3003\">calculated from the date of entry made possible by the declaration of commitment.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3004\" data-end=\"3190\">\n<p data-start=\"3006\" data-end=\"3190\">If this three-year period had already expired by 6 August 2016, the obligation ended on 31 August 2016 at the latest.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"3192\" data-end=\"3299\">This means that the legislator has subsequently capped the previously practically unlimited liability in old cases.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"3306\" data-end=\"3355\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Haftungsumfang_Welche_Kosten_sind_umfasst\"><\/span>3. scope of liability: What costs are covered?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"3357\" data-end=\"3412\">The liability under Section 68 AufenthG is deliberately broad:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"3414\" data-end=\"3896\">\n<li data-start=\"3414\" data-end=\"3479\">\n<p data-start=\"3416\" data-end=\"3479\"><strong data-start=\"3416\" data-end=\"3477\">Benefits under the Asylum Seekers Benefits Act (AsylbLG)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3480\" data-end=\"3527\">\n<p data-start=\"3482\" data-end=\"3527\"><strong data-start=\"3482\" data-end=\"3525\">Citizen's allowance \/ benefits according to SGB II<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3528\" data-end=\"3595\">\n<p data-start=\"3530\" data-end=\"3595\"><strong data-start=\"3530\" data-end=\"3593\">Assistance with living expenses \/ basic security according to SGB XII<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3596\" data-end=\"3691\">\n<p data-start=\"3598\" data-end=\"3691\"><strong data-start=\"3598\" data-end=\"3626\">Accommodation costs<\/strong> (e.g. accommodation in shared accommodation, rent, heating)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3692\" data-end=\"3789\">\n<p data-start=\"3694\" data-end=\"3789\"><strong data-start=\"3694\" data-end=\"3723\">Health and care costs<\/strong>, insofar as these are not contribution-financed benefits<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3790\" data-end=\"3896\">\n<p data-start=\"3792\" data-end=\"3896\">if necessary further <strong data-start=\"3805\" data-end=\"3827\">public funds<\/strong> to secure subsistence (e.g. certain municipal assistance)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"3898\" data-end=\"4139\">Back in 2014, the Federal Administrative Court clarified that <strong data-start=\"3963\" data-end=\"3990\">also AsylbLG benefits<\/strong> are covered by the reimbursement obligation if the foreigner receives benefits during an asylum procedure.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4141\" data-end=\"4183\">However, this does not typically include<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"4185\" data-end=\"4440\">\n<li data-start=\"4185\" data-end=\"4287\">\n<p data-start=\"4187\" data-end=\"4287\">regular <strong data-start=\"4196\" data-end=\"4245\">Contributions to statutory health insurance<\/strong>, pension or unemployment insurance,<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4288\" data-end=\"4440\">\n<p data-start=\"4290\" data-end=\"4440\">purely internal administrative costs (personnel expenses of the authority), insofar as these are not expressly based on the declaration of commitment.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-start=\"4447\" data-end=\"4470\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Dauer_der_Haftung\"><\/span>4. duration of liability<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 data-start=\"4472\" data-end=\"4506\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"41_Beginn_der_Funfjahresfrist\"><\/span>4.1 Start of the five-year period<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"4508\" data-end=\"4806\">The five years begin <strong data-start=\"4532\" data-end=\"4552\">with the entry<\/strong>, which was only made possible by the formal obligation. If the declaration of commitment applies to a national visa or a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mth-partner.de\/en\/immigration-law-no-spousal-reunion-due-to-false-information-in-schengen-visa\/\">Schengen visa<\/a>, is regularly the <strong data-start=\"4719\" data-end=\"4754\">first entry with this visa<\/strong> authoritative.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"4808\" data-end=\"4832\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"42_Ende_der_Haftung\"><\/span>4.2 End of liability<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"4834\" data-end=\"4964\">Liability ends at the latest on expiry of the <strong data-start=\"4882\" data-end=\"4901\">Five-year period<\/strong>. Before this, an end to liability can be considered in particular if<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"4966\" data-end=\"5228\">\n<li data-start=\"4966\" data-end=\"5066\">\n<p data-start=\"4968\" data-end=\"5066\">in the concrete form a <strong data-start=\"4995\" data-end=\"5012\">shorter duration<\/strong> is clearly agreed (e.g. \u201efor 90 days\u201c), or<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5067\" data-end=\"5228\">\n<p data-start=\"5069\" data-end=\"5228\">the declaration is recognisable by its content only <strong data-start=\"5121\" data-end=\"5146\">specific stay<\/strong> (e.g. a one-off visit) and this stay has ended.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"5230\" data-end=\"5375\">Important: For declarations of commitment that are submitted in the standardised federal form used today, the pre-printed text often reads:<\/p>\n<blockquote data-start=\"5377\" data-end=\"5581\">\n<p data-start=\"5379\" data-end=\"5581\">\u201efrom the date of expected entry ... until the end of the stay of the above-mentioned foreigner or until the issue of a residence title for another purpose of stay\u201c.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p data-start=\"5583\" data-end=\"5740\">However, case law interprets this formulation <strong data-start=\"5631\" data-end=\"5652\">not schematic<\/strong>, but according to the circumstances of the individual case (see below, current decisions).<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"5742\" data-end=\"5803\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"43_Alt-Falle_Verpflichtungserklarungen_vor_dem_682016\"><\/span>4.3 Old cases: Declarations of commitment before 6 August 2016<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"5805\" data-end=\"5977\">For older declarations of commitment, in particular from the state admission programmes for Syrian civil war refugees, there was originally no statutory maximum period.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5979\" data-end=\"6044\">The legislator has subsequently clarified this with Section 68a AufenthG:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"6046\" data-end=\"6252\">\n<li data-start=\"6046\" data-end=\"6083\">\n<p data-start=\"6048\" data-end=\"6083\">Liability <strong data-start=\"6056\" data-end=\"6080\">maximum three years<\/strong>,<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"6084\" data-end=\"6252\">\n<p data-start=\"6086\" data-end=\"6252\">regardless of whether the foreigner was later recognised as a refugee or received a humanitarian residence permit.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"6254\" data-end=\"6350\">This statutory cap also applies if the claim is made years later.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"6352\" data-end=\"6401\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"44_Wiedereinreise_und_mehrere_Aufenthalte\"><\/span>4.4 Re-entry and multiple stays:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"6402\" data-end=\"6453\">VGH Munich, decision of 19 November 2024 - 10 B 23.483<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6455\" data-end=\"6634\">An important recent decision concerns the question of whether a declaration of commitment also covers subsequent stays by the same person if they have left the country in the meantime.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6636\" data-end=\"6663\"><strong data-start=\"6636\" data-end=\"6663\">Facts in brief<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"6665\" data-end=\"7333\">\n<li data-start=\"6665\" data-end=\"6741\">\n<p data-start=\"6667\" data-end=\"6741\">The plaintiff submitted a declaration of commitment for his sister in 2018.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"6742\" data-end=\"6930\">\n<p data-start=\"6744\" data-end=\"6930\">Form: Standard text \u201efrom the date of expected entry ... until the end of the stay ... or until the issue of a residence title for another purpose of stay\u201c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"6931\" data-end=\"7060\">\n<p data-start=\"6933\" data-end=\"7060\">The sister received a <strong data-start=\"6959\" data-end=\"7001\">Schengen visa with multiple entry<\/strong> and initially travelled in and out for a visit.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7061\" data-end=\"7176\">\n<p data-start=\"7063\" data-end=\"7176\">About nine months later, she re-entered the country and applied for asylum; she received asylum seeker benefits.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7177\" data-end=\"7333\">\n<p data-start=\"7179\" data-end=\"7333\">The job centre claimed these benefits from the claimant and said that the obligation applied to <strong data-start=\"7282\" data-end=\"7332\">all stays within the five-year period<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"7335\" data-end=\"7367\"><strong data-start=\"7335\" data-end=\"7367\">Decision of the VGH Munich<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"7369\" data-end=\"7476\">The VGH Munich has cancelled the benefit decision. Key statements:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"7478\" data-end=\"8192\">\n<li data-start=\"7478\" data-end=\"7631\">\n<p data-start=\"7480\" data-end=\"7631\">The purpose of the declaration of commitment is decisive: it is intended to <strong data-start=\"7547\" data-end=\"7582\">concrete, planned stay<\/strong>, for which the visa was applied for.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7632\" data-end=\"7811\">\n<p data-start=\"7634\" data-end=\"7811\">If this stay ends due to <strong data-start=\"7664\" data-end=\"7676\">Departure<\/strong> and if the invited person returns to his or her country of origin, the original commitment has been fulfilled.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7812\" data-end=\"8006\">\n<p data-start=\"7814\" data-end=\"8006\">In case of doubt <strong data-start=\"7837\" data-end=\"7868\">regularly assume that<\/strong>, that the obligation relates to <strong data-start=\"7902\" data-end=\"7922\">a stay<\/strong> limited - not to any subsequent entry within five years.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"8007\" data-end=\"8192\">\n<p data-start=\"8009\" data-end=\"8192\">The only exception to this is if the authority <strong data-start=\"8074\" data-end=\"8105\">Clear and unambiguous<\/strong> indicates that he or she should commit to several entries and stays.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"8194\" data-end=\"8418\">The court thus emphasises: The five-year period describes the <strong data-start=\"8255\" data-end=\"8275\">outermost frame<\/strong>; Whether several stays are actually covered within this framework is a question of the interpretation of the specific declaration of commitment.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"8425\" data-end=\"8474\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Besuchsvisa_versus_humanitare_und_Asylfalle\"><\/span>5. visit visas versus humanitarian and asylum cases<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 data-start=\"8476\" data-end=\"8540\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"51_Besuchsvisa_Schengen-_und_nationale_Besuchsaufenthalte\"><\/span>5.1 Visitor visas (Schengen and national visits)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"8542\" data-end=\"8624\">The following applies to classic visit visas (holiday, family visit, invitation from friends):<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"8626\" data-end=\"9315\">\n<li data-start=\"8626\" data-end=\"8773\">\n<p data-start=\"8628\" data-end=\"8773\">The primary purpose of the declaration of commitment is to provide proof of <strong data-start=\"8692\" data-end=\"8726\">Securing your livelihood<\/strong> for the requested stay.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"8774\" data-end=\"8934\">\n<p data-start=\"8776\" data-end=\"8934\">In practice, the standardised federal form declaration is usually used; the \u201ePurpose of stay\u201c field then states \u201eVisit\u201c or \u201eFamily visit\u201c, for example.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"8935\" data-end=\"9315\">\n<p data-start=\"8937\" data-end=\"9014\">Courts are increasingly interpreting such declarations <strong data-start=\"8990\" data-end=\"9013\">closely to the purpose of the visit<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"9018\" data-end=\"9315\">\n<li data-start=\"9018\" data-end=\"9315\">\n<p data-start=\"9020\" data-end=\"9315\">Several decisions (VG Mainz, VG Weimar, VG Sigmaringen, VGH Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg, VGH Munich) are based on the assumption that the declaration is regularly <strong data-start=\"9164\" data-end=\"9185\">not automatically<\/strong> all subsequent entries, but typically only the specifically planned visit.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"9317\" data-end=\"9581\">For inviting parties this means<br data-start=\"9345\" data-end=\"9348\" \/>The clearer the <strong data-start=\"9362\" data-end=\"9382\">Purpose of stay<\/strong> and the <strong data-start=\"9391\" data-end=\"9400\">Duration<\/strong> The more time periods are described in the form and (if available) in supplementary declarations, the easier it will be to determine which periods are actually covered by the liability.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"9583\" data-end=\"9627\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"52_Humanitare_Aufenthalte_und_Asylfalle\"><\/span>5.2 Humanitarian stays and asylum cases<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"9629\" data-end=\"9802\">The situation is quite different if a declaration of commitment is issued for the purpose of a <strong data-start=\"9722\" data-end=\"9746\">humanitarian reception<\/strong> or in the environment of a <strong data-start=\"9768\" data-end=\"9786\">asylum procedure<\/strong> is delivered.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"9804\" data-end=\"9829\">Typical constellations:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"9831\" data-end=\"10125\">\n<li data-start=\"9831\" data-end=\"9974\">\n<p data-start=\"9833\" data-end=\"9974\">Declarations of commitment in the context of <strong data-start=\"9873\" data-end=\"9901\">National admission programmes<\/strong> (e.g. for Syrian civil war refugees in accordance with Section 23 (1) AufenthG).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"9975\" data-end=\"10125\">\n<p data-start=\"9977\" data-end=\"10125\">Declarations of commitment to enable the entry of relatives who are later recognised as refugees as part of an asylum procedure.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"10127\" data-end=\"10195\">Two decisions of the Federal Administrative Court are central here.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"10202\" data-end=\"10266\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Bundesverwaltungsgericht_13022014_Az_BVerwG_1_C_413\"><\/span>6 Federal Administrative Court, 13 February 2014, Ref.: BVerwG 1 C 4.13<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 data-start=\"10268\" data-end=\"10300\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"61_Kernaussagen_des_Urteils\"><\/span>6.1 Key statements of the judgement<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"10302\" data-end=\"10655\">In 2014, the Federal Administrative Court had to rule on the situation where a person had entered the country on a visit visa, later became an asylum seeker and was finally recognised as a refugee. The sponsor was obliged to reimburse asylum seeker benefits that had been granted during the asylum procedure.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"10657\" data-end=\"10685\">The court has ruled:<\/p>\n<ol data-start=\"10687\" data-end=\"11205\">\n<li data-start=\"10687\" data-end=\"10769\">\n<p data-start=\"10690\" data-end=\"10769\"><strong data-start=\"10690\" data-end=\"10721\">Benefits under the AsylbLG<\/strong> are covered by the declaration of commitment.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"10770\" data-end=\"10898\">\n<p data-start=\"10773\" data-end=\"10898\">The <strong data-start=\"10777\" data-end=\"10803\">Refugee recognition<\/strong> leaves the reimbursement claim for benefits previously granted <strong data-start=\"10864\" data-end=\"10895\">not cancelled retroactively<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"10899\" data-end=\"11205\">\n<p data-start=\"10902\" data-end=\"11205\">From the perspective of EU law, there are no fundamental objections to such utilisation; in particular, it is permissible to make the granting of benefits dependent on need and, if necessary, to make use of third parties (obligors).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p data-start=\"11207\" data-end=\"11435\">The legal situation at that time did not yet provide for a statutory five-year period; according to case law, liability ended in principle with <strong data-start=\"11339\" data-end=\"11351\">Departure<\/strong> or the transition to a <strong data-start=\"11380\" data-end=\"11434\">Residence permit for another purpose of residence<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"11437\" data-end=\"11469\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"62_Heutige_Bedeutung_2025\"><\/span>6.2 Current significance (2025)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"11471\" data-end=\"11560\">The judgement is still significant for today's legal situation for three main reasons:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"11562\" data-end=\"12072\">\n<li data-start=\"11562\" data-end=\"11694\">\n<p data-start=\"11564\" data-end=\"11694\">It confirms that <strong data-start=\"11583\" data-end=\"11625\">Social benefits to which you are legally entitled<\/strong> (in particular AsylbLG, later B\u00fcrgergeld) are covered by Section 68 AufenthG.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"11695\" data-end=\"11869\">\n<p data-start=\"11697\" data-end=\"11869\">It clarifies that the <strong data-start=\"11722\" data-end=\"11748\">Refugee recognition<\/strong> as such does not eliminate liability - this is precisely what the legislator later codified in Section 68 (1) sentence 4.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"11870\" data-end=\"12072\">\n<p data-start=\"11872\" data-end=\"12072\">For old cases (declarations of commitment before 6 August 2016), the decision, together with the subsequent amendments to the law, forms the starting point for many subsequent decisions by the higher administrative courts.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-start=\"12079\" data-end=\"12144\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_Bundesverwaltungsgericht_26012017_Az_BVerwG_1_C_1016\"><\/span>7 Federal Administrative Court, 26 January 2017, Ref.: BVerwG 1 C 10.16<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"12146\" data-end=\"12338\">In 2017, the Federal Administrative Court once again had to rule on declarations of commitment, this time in the typical context of the <strong data-start=\"12273\" data-end=\"12337\">National reception programmes for Syrian civil war refugees<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"12340\" data-end=\"12368\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"71_Sachverhalt_in_Kurze\"><\/span>7.1 Facts in brief<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"12370\" data-end=\"12839\">\n<li data-start=\"12370\" data-end=\"12587\">\n<p data-start=\"12372\" data-end=\"12587\">In 2014, a sponsor had undertaken to provide for the living expenses of his Syrian relatives who were admitted on the basis of a state admission order in accordance with Section 23 (1) of the Residence Act.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"12588\" data-end=\"12748\">\n<p data-start=\"12590\" data-end=\"12748\">The relatives later applied for asylum and were recognised as refugees; they subsequently received benefits according to SGB II (today: citizen's allowance).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"12749\" data-end=\"12839\">\n<p data-start=\"12751\" data-end=\"12839\">The job centre claimed reimbursement of these benefits from the guarantor.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"12841\" data-end=\"12875\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"72_Entscheidung_und_Bedeutung\"><\/span>7.2 Decision and significance<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"12877\" data-end=\"12916\">The Federal Administrative Court ruled:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"12918\" data-end=\"13683\">\n<li data-start=\"12918\" data-end=\"13117\">\n<p data-start=\"12920\" data-end=\"13117\"><strong data-start=\"12920\" data-end=\"12942\">\u201ePurpose of stay\u201c<\/strong> within the meaning of the declaration of commitment is <strong data-start=\"12984\" data-end=\"13003\">not identical<\/strong> with the individual residence permit, but is linked to the <strong data-start=\"13062\" data-end=\"13089\">legal system<\/strong> of the purposes of residence.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"13118\" data-end=\"13351\">\n<p data-start=\"13120\" data-end=\"13351\">Humanitarian residence permits in accordance with Section 23 (1) and Section 25 (2) AufenthG both belong to the <strong data-start=\"13208\" data-end=\"13276\">Section 5 (international law, humanitarian and political grounds)<\/strong> of the Residence Act; they therefore have the same overriding purpose of residence.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"13352\" data-end=\"13683\">\n<p data-start=\"13354\" data-end=\"13683\">The declaration of commitment therefore expires <strong data-start=\"13397\" data-end=\"13406\">not<\/strong> due to the change from Sec. 23 (1) to Sec. 25 (2) AufenthG; liability continues as long as the relevant humanitarian purpose of residence exists (today: within the five-year period, or three years in the case of old cases under Sec. 68a AufenthG).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"13685\" data-end=\"13942\">The highest court has thus clarified that, particularly in humanitarian admission cases, a change from \u201eadmission title\u201c to \u201erefugee recognition\u201c increases liability. <strong data-start=\"13839\" data-end=\"13848\">not<\/strong> ended automatically. The 2016 Integration Act reform enshrined this line in law.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"13949\" data-end=\"14034\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"8_Aktuelle_Rechtsprechung_2025_Auslegung_und_Grenzen_der_Verpflichtungserklarung\"><\/span>8. current case law 2025: interpretation and limits of the declaration of commitment<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"14036\" data-end=\"14267\">In addition to the judgements of the Federal Administrative Court, the Higher Administrative Courts have clarified numerous detailed questions regarding the declaration of commitment in recent years - both for visit visas and for humanitarian constellations.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"14269\" data-end=\"14319\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"81_Unklarheiten_gehen_zu_Lasten_der_Behorde\"><\/span>8.1 Ambiguities are the responsibility of the authority<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"14320\" data-end=\"14378\">VGH Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg, judgement of 27.02.2025 - 11 S 134\/22<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"14380\" data-end=\"14449\">In a recent decision, the VGH Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg emphasised this:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"14451\" data-end=\"14998\">\n<li data-start=\"14451\" data-end=\"14615\">\n<p data-start=\"14453\" data-end=\"14615\">The declaration of commitment is a <strong data-start=\"14490\" data-end=\"14529\">Declaration of intent requiring receipt<\/strong>. It must be interpreted in accordance with \u00a7\u00a7 133, 157 BGB according to the objective horizon of the recipient.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"14616\" data-end=\"14824\">\n<p data-start=\"14618\" data-end=\"14824\">If a <strong data-start=\"14627\" data-end=\"14652\">official form<\/strong> and it remains open after the interpretation whether the obligation also covers the <strong data-start=\"14730\" data-end=\"14774\">Time after completion of an asylum procedure<\/strong> (e.g. after recognition as a refugee),<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"14825\" data-end=\"14998\">\n<p data-start=\"14827\" data-end=\"14998\">these ambiguities <strong data-start=\"14855\" data-end=\"14900\">at the expense of the authority or the job centre<\/strong>, which must be attributed to the design of the form.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"15000\" data-end=\"15157\">In other words:<br data-start=\"15019\" data-end=\"15022\" \/>The more complicated and misleading the form is, the more likely it is that a court will recognise liability. <strong data-start=\"15139\" data-end=\"15148\">narrower<\/strong> is laid out.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"15159\" data-end=\"15211\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"82_Schriftform_zwingend_%E2%80%93_Scans_reichen_nicht\"><\/span>8.2 Written form mandatory - scans are not sufficient<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"15212\" data-end=\"15270\">VGH Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg, judgement of 07.12.2022 - 11 S 148\/22<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"15272\" data-end=\"15323\">The VGH Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg has also ruled:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"15325\" data-end=\"15865\">\n<li data-start=\"15325\" data-end=\"15418\">\n<p data-start=\"15327\" data-end=\"15418\">The requirement set out in Section 68 (2) sentence 1 AufenthG <strong data-start=\"15372\" data-end=\"15387\">Written form<\/strong> is governed by \u00a7 126 BGB.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"15419\" data-end=\"15557\">\n<p data-start=\"15421\" data-end=\"15557\">What is generally required is a <strong data-start=\"15457\" data-end=\"15494\">original handwritten signature<\/strong> or an equivalent form (e.g. notarised certification).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"15558\" data-end=\"15865\">\n<p data-start=\"15560\" data-end=\"15865\">If the authority <strong data-start=\"15577\" data-end=\"15607\">only one scan or printout<\/strong> of a signed declaration of commitment, there is no effective receipt of a declaration in due form; the declaration of commitment is then <strong data-start=\"15759\" data-end=\"15770\">void<\/strong>, and there is <strong data-start=\"15787\" data-end=\"15804\">No liability<\/strong> from \u00a7 68 AufenthG.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"15867\" data-end=\"16084\">In practice, this means<br data-start=\"15895\" data-end=\"15898\" \/>Anyone who is supposed to have submitted a declaration of commitment may have compliance with the formal requirements critically checked - especially if only copies are available in the official file.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"16086\" data-end=\"16129\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"83_Zweckwechsel_und_Ende_der_Haftung\"><\/span>8.3 Change of purpose and end of liability<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"16130\" data-end=\"16178\">VG Halle, judgement of 26.02.2021 - 1 A 281\/18 HAL<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"16180\" data-end=\"16330\">The VG Halle has ruled that liability arising from a declaration of commitment <strong data-start=\"16261\" data-end=\"16275\">can end<\/strong>, if the purpose of residence actually changes, e.g:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"16332\" data-end=\"16488\">\n<li data-start=\"16332\" data-end=\"16398\">\n<p data-start=\"16334\" data-end=\"16398\">from a <strong data-start=\"16344\" data-end=\"16396\">Residence permit for family reunification<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"16399\" data-end=\"16488\">\n<p data-start=\"16401\" data-end=\"16488\">towards a <strong data-start=\"16414\" data-end=\"16462\">Residence permit for humanitarian reasons<\/strong> (Section 25 (2) AufenthG),<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"16490\" data-end=\"16649\">and the declaration of commitment is recognisable by its content only to the <strong data-start=\"16558\" data-end=\"16589\">family purpose of residence<\/strong> should be secured.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"16651\" data-end=\"16811\">It is therefore worth taking a close look at the form and the accompanying documents, especially for constellations in which several residence permits follow one another.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"16818\" data-end=\"16883\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"9_Anfechtung_wegen_Irrtums_%E2%80%93_in_der_Praxis_selten_erfolgreich\"><\/span>9. avoidance on the grounds of error - rarely successful in practice<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"16885\" data-end=\"17086\">Theoretically, a declaration of commitment is a declaration of intent in accordance with the general rules of \u00a7\u00a7 119 ff. BGB <strong data-start=\"16998\" data-end=\"17012\">contestable<\/strong>, for example in the event of a significant error regarding the content or the legal consequences.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"17088\" data-end=\"17166\">In practice, however, there are high hurdles to a successful challenge:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"17168\" data-end=\"17745\">\n<li data-start=\"17168\" data-end=\"17401\">\n<p data-start=\"17170\" data-end=\"17401\">Case law generally assumes that the issuer of the obligation at least knows that it is responsible for the <strong data-start=\"17277\" data-end=\"17296\">Livelihood<\/strong> of the invited person - even if he is not aware of the full financial risk.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"17402\" data-end=\"17634\">\n<p data-start=\"17404\" data-end=\"17634\">Even significant misjudgements regarding the <strong data-start=\"17445\" data-end=\"17471\">probable duration<\/strong> of an asylum procedure or the amount of benefits are usually <strong data-start=\"17533\" data-end=\"17564\">No \u201epure content error\u201c<\/strong>, but rather an error of motive that does not justify a challenge.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"17635\" data-end=\"17745\">\n<p data-start=\"17637\" data-end=\"17745\">In addition, in many cases the question arises as to whether a late declaration of avoidance is still within the deadline.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"17747\" data-end=\"17828\">Courts are therefore very cautious and tend to refer obligors to<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"17830\" data-end=\"18046\">\n<li data-start=\"17830\" data-end=\"17875\">\n<p data-start=\"17832\" data-end=\"17875\">one <strong data-start=\"17837\" data-end=\"17855\">narrow interpretation<\/strong> the declaration and<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"17876\" data-end=\"18046\">\n<p data-start=\"17878\" data-end=\"18046\">if necessary on <strong data-start=\"17887\" data-end=\"17935\">Discretionary equity decisions<\/strong> of the authorities (e.g. deferral, payment by instalments, partial waiver of the claim in cases of particular hardship).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-start=\"18053\" data-end=\"18142\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"10_Praktische_Hinweise_fur_Personen_die_eine_Verpflichtungserklarung_abgeben_mochten\"><\/span>10. practical advice for persons who wish to submit a declaration of commitment<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"18144\" data-end=\"18272\">Anyone submitting a declaration of commitment - whether for a visit visa or in a humanitarian context - should be aware of this:<\/p>\n<ol data-start=\"18274\" data-end=\"19496\">\n<li data-start=\"18274\" data-end=\"18433\">\n<p data-start=\"18277\" data-end=\"18297\"><strong data-start=\"18277\" data-end=\"18295\">Liability period:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"18301\" data-end=\"18433\">\n<li data-start=\"18301\" data-end=\"18350\">\n<p data-start=\"18303\" data-end=\"18350\">Principle: <strong data-start=\"18314\" data-end=\"18335\">up to five years<\/strong> from entry.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"18354\" data-end=\"18433\">\n<p data-start=\"18356\" data-end=\"18433\">Old obligations before 6 August 2016: max. <strong data-start=\"18399\" data-end=\"18413\">three years<\/strong> (transitional right).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"18435\" data-end=\"18629\">\n<p data-start=\"18438\" data-end=\"18459\"><strong data-start=\"18438\" data-end=\"18457\">Scope of liability:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"18463\" data-end=\"18629\">\n<li data-start=\"18463\" data-end=\"18629\">\n<p data-start=\"18465\" data-end=\"18629\">It's not just about occasional transfers to the guest, but about the <strong data-start=\"18542\" data-end=\"18579\">Reimbursement of state benefits<\/strong> - often in substantial five-digit amounts.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"18631\" data-end=\"18898\">\n<p data-start=\"18634\" data-end=\"18667\"><strong data-start=\"18634\" data-end=\"18665\">Asylum and refugee cases:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"18671\" data-end=\"18898\">\n<li data-start=\"18671\" data-end=\"18782\">\n<p data-start=\"18673\" data-end=\"18782\">If the invited person later applies for asylum and is recognised, <strong data-start=\"18740\" data-end=\"18779\">liability does not end automatically<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"18786\" data-end=\"18898\">\n<p data-start=\"18788\" data-end=\"18898\">It is precisely in these constellations that the demands from job centres and social welfare offices are often particularly high.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"18900\" data-end=\"19230\">\n<p data-start=\"18903\" data-end=\"18930\"><strong data-start=\"18903\" data-end=\"18928\">Read the form carefully:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"18934\" data-end=\"19230\">\n<li data-start=\"18934\" data-end=\"19041\">\n<p data-start=\"18936\" data-end=\"19041\">The purpose (\u201evisit\u201c, \u201efamily reunification\u201c, \u201ehumanitarian admission\u201c) and duration should be carefully examined.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"19045\" data-end=\"19230\">\n<p data-start=\"19047\" data-end=\"19230\">Own restrictions (e.g. \u201emax. 90 days\u201c) should - if the authority agrees - be included in the <strong data-start=\"19135\" data-end=\"19153\">Explanatory part<\/strong> be clearly recorded, not just in informational comment fields.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"19232\" data-end=\"19496\">\n<p data-start=\"19235\" data-end=\"19257\"><strong data-start=\"19235\" data-end=\"19255\">Credit check:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"19261\" data-end=\"19496\">\n<li data-start=\"19261\" data-end=\"19369\">\n<p data-start=\"19263\" data-end=\"19369\">As a rule, the foreigners authority checks the financial capacity of the person making the commitment.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"19373\" data-end=\"19496\">\n<p data-start=\"19375\" data-end=\"19496\">Nevertheless, the burden can later turn out to be significantly higher than originally thought due to lengthy proceedings.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 data-start=\"19503\" data-end=\"19515\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"11_Fazit\"><\/span>11 Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"19517\" data-end=\"19674\">In 2025, liability arising from declarations of commitment under Section 68 of the Residence Act is legally more clearly defined than it was ten years ago - but by no means harmless:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"19676\" data-end=\"20120\">\n<li data-start=\"19676\" data-end=\"19767\">\n<p data-start=\"19678\" data-end=\"19767\">The <strong data-start=\"19682\" data-end=\"19701\">Five-year period<\/strong> (or three-year period in old cases) sets a clear framework.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"19768\" data-end=\"19906\">\n<p data-start=\"19770\" data-end=\"19906\">Especially in <strong data-start=\"19780\" data-end=\"19831\">Humanitarian and asylum law constellations<\/strong> the declaration of commitment continues to apply even after the refugee has been recognised.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"19907\" data-end=\"20120\">\n<p data-start=\"19909\" data-end=\"20120\">The current case law strengthens the position of the person making the commitment in some respects (e.g. in the case of unclear forms, multiple entries or formal defects), but does not take away the fundamental risk.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"20122\" data-end=\"20375\">Anyone wishing to submit a declaration of commitment - whether for a visit visa or as part of a humanitarian admission - should therefore seek detailed advice beforehand and carefully check whether the potential financial burden is acceptable in an emergency.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mth-partner.de\/en\/services\/immigration-law\/\">Lawyers in Cologne advise and represent you in immigration law.<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>If a third party undertakes to pay all the costs of a foreigner entering the country as part of a declaration of commitment to the immigration authority or embassy, the consequences of such a declaration of commitment can be very far-reaching. <\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":11619,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[36],"tags":[2743,2533,2742],"class_list":["post-4240","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-auslaenderrecht-anwalt","tag-kann-eine-verpflichtungserklaerung-angefochten-werden","tag-rechtsanwalt-koeln-familienzusammenfuehrung","tag-wie-weit-reicht-eine-verpflichtungserklaerung"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ausl\u00e4nderrecht: Die Rechtsfolgen der Verpflichtungserkl\u00e4rung hinsichtlich der Erstattung von Sozialleistungen.<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" 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