{"id":947,"date":"2026-01-17T12:34:22","date_gmt":"2026-01-17T12:34:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mth-partner.de\/rechtsanwaltsblog\/?p=947"},"modified":"2026-10-12T05:50:26","modified_gmt":"2026-10-12T05:50:26","slug":"auslanderrecht-das-heiratsvisum-und-der-ehegattennachzug-zu-deutschen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mth-partner.de\/en\/foreign-law-the-marriage-visa-and-the-reunification-of-spouses-with-germans\/","title":{"rendered":"Marriage visa &amp; spouse sponsorship for Germans in 2026: Requirements, A1, application, and duration"},"content":{"rendered":"<p data-lfile-container=\"85208558-bf7e-42a0-b546-b98addf094ab\" data-pm-slice=\"1 1 []\">Lawyer Helmer Tieben, Cologne \u00b7 Legal status: October 2026<\/p>\n<p>You want to marry someone who does not live in Germany, or you are already married and want to live together here. This article explains which visa your partner needs, what the requirements are, what the procedure costs, and what you can do if you are rejected. It applies to the case where the German partner lives in Germany and the other partner comes from a country outside the EU. This is not a marginal issue: in 2025, 17,823 visas were issued to German spouses (<a href=\"https:\/\/dserver.bundestag.de\/btd\/21\/068\/2106879.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Federal Parliament document 21\/6879<\/a>).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"das-wichtigste-in-k\u00fcrze\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Das_Wichtigste_in_Kurze\"><\/span>The most important in a nutshell<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Two ways:<\/strong> Engaged couples travel to Germany on a marriage visa, a national visa under \u00a7 6, paragraph 3 of the AufenthG, and get married in Germany. Those who are already married apply directly for the visa to join their spouse under \u00a7 28, paragraph 1, sentence 1, no. 1 of the AufenthG.<\/li>\n<li><strong>A1 German:<\/strong> Usually required. There are legal exceptions; nationality alone does not exempt you.<\/li>\n<li><strong>livelihood:<\/strong> The marriage visa usually requires collateral, but for the first residence permit after marriage it is not usually required.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fees:<\/strong> 75 euros for the marriage visa; the visa for the spouse to join the German spouse is free of charge.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Duration:<\/strong> There is no statutory processing time limit. Plan for several months.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote><p><strong>Note:<\/strong> This article serves general information purposes and does not replace individual legal advice. Please contact a lawyer for your specific situation.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2 id=\"heiratsvisum-oder-ehegattennachzug\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Heiratsvisum_oder_Ehegattennachzug\"><\/span>Marriage visa or spouse sponsorship?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-14602\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mth-partner.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/heiratsvisum-ablauf-infografik.webp\" alt=\"Procedure for the marriage visa: registry office, foreign representation office, foreign affairs department, entry and marriage, and application for a residence permit\" width=\"1122\" height=\"1402\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mth-partner.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/heiratsvisum-ablauf-infografik.webp 1122w, https:\/\/www.mth-partner.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/heiratsvisum-ablauf-infografik-240x300.webp 240w, https:\/\/www.mth-partner.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/heiratsvisum-ablauf-infografik-819x1024.webp 819w, https:\/\/www.mth-partner.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/heiratsvisum-ablauf-infografik-768x960.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.mth-partner.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/heiratsvisum-ablauf-infografik-10x12.webp 10w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1122px) 100vw, 1122px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>With the marriage visa, you are not married yet; with the spouse visa, you are already married. This leads to some differences:<\/p>\n<table>\n<colgroup>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><\/th>\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Marriage visa<\/th>\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Spouse replacement for the German<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Family status<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Engaged, marriage planned in Germany<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Already married<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Legal basis<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\u00a7 Section 6 (3) AufenthG<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Section 28(1) sentence 1 no. 1 of the Residence Act<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Registry Office<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Registration of the marriage before applying for a visa<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Proof of marriage, in the case of a marriage abroad, possibly with an Apostille or legalization<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">German A1<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Usually required<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Usually required<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Livelihood<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Usually verifiable<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Usually no proof of the first residence permit<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Visa fee<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">75 euros<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Free of charge<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">After that<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Marriage, then a residence permit<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Residence permit after entry<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Brief explanation: National visa.<\/strong> A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mth-partner.de\/en\/immigration-law-no-spousal-reunion-due-to-false-information-in-schengen-visa\/\">Schengen visa<\/a> (Category C) allows a stay of no more than 90 days in 180 days. A national visa (Category D) allows entry for a longer stay with a specific purpose, here marriage or cohabitation. The foreign representation only issues it if the foreign authorities in the German partner\u2019s place of residence have approved it.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"wer-braucht-ein-visum-vor-der-einreise\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Wer_braucht_ein_Visum_vor_der_Einreise\"><\/span>Who needs a visa before entering the country?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table>\n<colgroup>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Partner's situation<\/th>\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Visa before entering the country?<\/th>\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Note<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Nationality of a third-country national subject to a visa requirement<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Yes, national visa<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Marriage visa or visa for the spouse<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Nationality of a state according to \u00a7 41 AufenthV (e.g. USA, Canada, Japan, Australia, South Korea, Israel)<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">No<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">The residence permit can be applied for after entry. A1 applies, however, unless an exception applies.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">EU, EEA or Swiss nationality<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Usually no<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Right to freedom of movement, not the subject of this article<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Partner already lives in Germany with a residence permit<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">No<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Application to the Foreigners\u2019 Office<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">The German partner previously lived in another EU country<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">May vary<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">EU law can lead to other rules<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Entering the country with a visitor visa and getting married here?<\/strong> A Schengen visa is not a marriage visa. Anyone who wants to stay in Germany after the wedding must have entered the country with the required visa (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gesetze-im-internet.de\/aufenthg_2004\/__5.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Section 5, paragraph 2 of the AufenthG<\/a>). The authority can only waive this requirement if there is a strict entitlement to the residence permit or it would be unreasonable to delay the visa procedure. \u00a7 39 of the AufenthV lists other, strictly limited cases. When the decision to marry was made is only one factor. The Federal Administrative Court sets out the exceptions in detail (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bverwg.de\/de\/101214U1C15.14.0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">BVerwG, 10.12.2014 \u2013 1 C 15.14<\/a>). Please check this route before entering the country.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"voraussetzungen\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Voraussetzungen\"><\/span>Prerequisites<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>General requirements<\/strong> of \u00a7 5 of the AufenthG, such as a valid passport and no interest in being deported.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Both spouses must be at least 18 years old<\/strong> (Section 28(1), Sentence 5 in conjunction with Section 30(1), Sentence 1, No. 1 of the AufenthG).<\/li>\n<li><strong>German partner<\/strong> with ordinary residence in Germany.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Serious life partnership:<\/strong> Marriage must not serve solely as a means of residence (\u00a7 27, paragraph 1a of the AufenthG).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Only for the marriage visa:<\/strong> the certificate from the registry office regarding the registration of the marriage and a secure source of income (see section on income).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Basic German skills (A1),<\/strong> unless an exception applies (see section on proof of German citizenship).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Health insurance<\/strong> The representations require a proof of the time until the issuance of the residence permit, often for at least three months, in their checklists.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"so-l\u00e4uft-das-verfahren-ab\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"So_lauft_das_Verfahren_ab\"><\/span>This is how the procedure works<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-14603\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mth-partner.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/heiratsvisum-ehegattennachzug-entscheidung.webp\" alt=\"Decision tree: Marriage visa when planning to get married in Germany or marriage of spouses already living together.\" width=\"1122\" height=\"1402\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mth-partner.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/heiratsvisum-ehegattennachzug-entscheidung.webp 1122w, https:\/\/www.mth-partner.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/heiratsvisum-ehegattennachzug-entscheidung-240x300.webp 240w, https:\/\/www.mth-partner.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/heiratsvisum-ehegattennachzug-entscheidung-819x1024.webp 819w, https:\/\/www.mth-partner.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/heiratsvisum-ehegattennachzug-entscheidung-768x960.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.mth-partner.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/heiratsvisum-ehegattennachzug-entscheidung-10x12.webp 10w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1122px) 100vw, 1122px\" \/><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Registry office (only for the marriage visa).<\/strong> The German partner registers the marriage at the civil registry office. Without the certificate of registration, the consulates usually reject the visa application. The examination of foreign documents can take several weeks.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Documents.<\/strong> Foreign documents usually require a certified translation and, depending on the country of origin, an Apostille or legalization.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Application.<\/strong> Since January 1, 2025, many representations have been accepting applications for national visas through the Foreign Office\u2019s online portal. They upload the documents, the representation checks their completeness and sends a link to book an appointment. Whether your representation operates in this way is stated on their website.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pre-order.<\/strong> When submitting a representation, you must present the original documents, take fingerprints, and pay the fee if applicable.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Approval from the Foreigners' Office.<\/strong> The authority at the German partner\u2019s place of residence examines the case, may request evidence, and may interview the partner. Only after that does the representation issue the visa.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Entry and residence permit.<\/strong> After entering the country, you must report your place of residence within two weeks and apply for the residence permit, for the marriage visa after the wedding.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Example of a checklist (visa for marriage, Vietnamese representative office abroad).<\/strong> The lists differ; the decisive factor is the list of representation where you submit the application.<\/p>\n<table>\n<colgroup>\n<col \/>\n<col \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Underlay<\/th>\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Note<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Application form<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Completed and signed online<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Passport and two biometric passport photos<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Pass with free sides<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Certificate from the registry office regarding the registration of the marriage<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Only for the marriage visa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Report form from the German partner<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Not older than six months<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Copy of the German partner's passport or identity card<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">According to the instructions of the representative<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">A1 certificate<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Or proof of an exception<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Proof of health insurance<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Scope as specified by the representative<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Declaration of commitment<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">If the representation demands it<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 id=\"deutschnachweis-a1\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Deutschnachweis_A1\"><\/span>German proof of A1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The partner must generally be able to communicate in German in a simple way (\u00a7 28, paragraph 1, sentence 5, in conjunction with \u00a7 30, paragraph 1, sentence 1, item 2 of the AufenthG). For beginners, the exams \u201eStart Deutsch 1\u201c from telc, the Goethe Certificate A1 and \u00d6SD A1 are suitable. Higher certificates also attest to the knowledge. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.testdaf.de\/de\/hochschulen\/der-testdaf-und-hochschulen\/nachweis-der-deutschkenntnisse-fuer-das-studium\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">TestDaF<\/a> For example, it tests levels B2 to C1 and is therefore not the exam that a beginner should book. The certificate must come from a recognized provider with an on-site exam.<\/p>\n<p>There are two cases to be distinguished among the exceptions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Only the certificate is not required.<\/strong> If the partner is able to communicate clearly during the initial consultation, the representation can forgo the certificate. However, the knowledge itself must be present.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The A1 requirement is no longer required.<\/strong> Section 30(1), Sentence 3 of the AufenthG provides for this, among other things, in cases of illness or disability (No. 2), where there is a demonstrably low need for integration (No. 3), and as a special case (No. 6), when it is not possible or not reasonable for the partner due to special circumstances of the individual case to make efforts to acquire basic German language skills before entering the country.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Visa-free entry under \u00a7 41 AufenthV does not automatically exempt from either of the two requirements.<\/p>\n<p><strong>A special feature when moving to Germany.<\/strong> The Federal Administrative Court applies the language rule here only to a limited extent. If efforts to learn a language are not possible in an individual case, not reasonable, or unsuccessful within a year, the visa must be granted; the partner then learns German after entry (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bverwg.de\/de\/040912U10C12.12.0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">BVerwG, 04.09.2012 \u2013 10 C 12.12<\/a>). Anyone who wants to rely on this should document course registrations, attendance confirmations, exam results, and the distance to the next course location from the outset. The oft-cited decision of the Federal Constitutional Court regarding the requirement to speak German (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bundesverfassungsgericht.de\/SharedDocs\/Entscheidungen\/DE\/2011\/03\/rk20110325_2bvr141310.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">BVerfG, 25.03.2011 \u2013 2 BvR 1413\/10<\/a>) on the other hand, concerns the recruitment of foreigners.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"kosten\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kosten\"><\/span>Costs<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table>\n<colgroup>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Posts<\/th>\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Amount<\/th>\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Basis or reference<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Marriage visa (national visa)<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">75 euros<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gesetze-im-internet.de\/aufenthv\/__46.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Section 46, paragraph 2, no. 1 of the AufenthV<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Visa for spouses to join German citizens<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Free of charge<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gesetze-im-internet.de\/aufenthv\/__52.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Section 52, paragraph 1 of the AufenthV<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Residence permit in Germany<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">100 euros<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gesetze-im-internet.de\/aufenthv\/__45.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">\u00a7 45 No. 1 AufenthV<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Translations, certifications, Apostille<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Depending on the country of origin<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Often the biggest item<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Language course and A1 exam<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Depending on the provider<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Plan ahead before applying<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Many consulates charge the visa fee in the local currency; the actual amount paid can therefore vary slightly.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"wie-lange-dauert-das-verfahren\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Wie_lange_dauert_das_Verfahren\"><\/span>How long does the procedure take?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>There is no statutory processing time. The duration depends on the schedule of the representative office and the foreign affairs department. Some procedures are completed in a few weeks, others take many months. The Vietnamese foreign representation, for example, says at least three months because the foreign affairs department is involved. In some representations, scheduling even takes months.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"ablehnung-gr\u00fcnde-und-rechtsweg\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ablehnung_Grunde_und_Rechtsweg\"><\/span>Rejection: Reasons and legal remedies<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Common reasons for a rejection or delay:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Incomplete documentation,<\/strong> primarily a lack of a certificate from the registry office or a lack of proof of language proficiency.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Doubts about the seriousness of the marriage or relationship.<\/strong> They often lead to separate surveys.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Doubts about the authenticity of documents.<\/strong> The representative can then arrange for a review in the country of origin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Failure to provide proof of support<\/strong> for the marriage visa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>As of July 1, 2025, there is no more remonstration. These routes remain:<\/p>\n<table>\n<colgroup>\n<col \/>\n<col \/>\n<col \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Legal remedy<\/th>\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">When is it useful<\/th>\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">To be noted<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">New application<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">If the reason for rejection can be remedied, for example by missing documentation<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Any time is possible<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Action before the Berlin Administrative Court<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">If the rejection appears unlawful<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">The deadline is usually one month from the notification (\u00a7 74 VwGO), one year in the absence of or incorrect information regarding legal remedies (\u00a7 58, paragraph 2, VwGO); proceedings often take months; cost risk<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Action for failure to act (Section 75 VwGO)<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">If no decision was made after three months without a valid reason<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">A sufficient reason, such as the ongoing involvement of the foreign affairs department, can prolong the waiting time.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Emergency application (\u00a7 123 VwGO)<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">In case of special urgency<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Strict requirements<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 id=\"muss-ich-einkommen-nachweisen\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Muss_ich_Einkommen_nachweisen\"><\/span>Do I have to prove my income?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>That depends on whether you are already married.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Before the marriage (marriage visa).<\/strong> The livelihood must usually be secured (\u00a7 5, Para. 1, No. 1 of the AufenthG). Many representations require a declaration of commitment from the German fianc\u00e9 under \u00a7\u00a7 66 to 68 of the AufenthG. Those who sign it must reimburse public authorities for the partner\u2019s living expenses if they occur. Be sure to be informed about the consequences beforehand.<\/p>\n<p><strong>After the marriage (first residence permit).<\/strong> For the spouse of a German citizen, the guaranteed standard of living is generally not required (\u00a7 28, paragraph 1, sentence 3 of the AufenthG). Exceptions only exist in atypical circumstances. If a government agency nevertheless demands salary statements and bank statements in a blanket manner, a legal review is worthwhile.<\/p>\n<p><strong>After three years (residence permit).<\/strong> For the permanent right of residence under \u00a7 28(2) of the AufenthG, the means of subsistence must be secured. An exception applies when only the needs of German family members cause the gap (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bverwg.de\/de\/160811U1C12.10.0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">BVerwG, 16.08.2011 \u2013 1 C 12.10<\/a>; (the case concerned a parent of German children). Therefore, plan early how the partner will earn their own income.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"scheinehe-pr\u00fcfung\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Scheinehe-Prufung\"><\/span>Marriage certificate examination<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>According to \u00a7 27, paragraph 1a, no. 1 of the AufenthG, the application for a residence permit is refused if the marriage was only entered into to obtain a right of residence. The authorities often then question both partners separately. Examples of reasons include contradictory statements, little contact before the marriage, no common language or payments related to the marriage. The burden of proof is important: the spouse seeking a residence permit must prove that a marital partnership is intended to be established in Germany (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bverwg.de\/de\/300310U1C7.09.0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">BVerwG, 30.03.2010 \u2013 1 C 7.09<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>Here's how to prepare:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The relationship is evidenced by:<\/strong> Chat histories, photos, shared trips, visits, and transfers.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Respond truthfully:<\/strong> Don't make up any details. If you don't remember something, just say so.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Don't hide anything:<\/strong> Be open about previous marriages, relationships, or plans to get married.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"nach-der-einreise\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nach_der_Einreise\"><\/span>After entering the country<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>residence permit:<\/strong> Apply for it at the Foreigners\u2019 Office before the visa expires. If the examination takes longer, the authority can issue a certificate of fictive residence (\u00a7 81 AufenthG).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Work:<\/strong> Marriage alone does not entitle one to work, and the marriage visa is for the purpose of marriage. The residence permit under \u00a7 28(1) of the AufenthG generally allows employment (\u00a7 4a AufenthG). The relevant factor is the mention in the title.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Settlement permit:<\/strong> Possible after three years if the cohabitation continues, sufficient German language skills are present and the livelihood is secured (\u00a7 28, paragraph 2 of the AufenthG).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Naturalization:<\/strong> German spouses can become naturalized citizens after three years of lawful residence and two years of marriage under \u00a7 9 StAG if the remaining requirements are met, including German at level B1 and the naturalization test. The previous exception to naturalization after three years for special integration benefits (\u00a7 10 StAG, the so-called turbo naturalization) was abolished in October 2025; \u00a7 9 StAG remained unaffected by this.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"h\u00e4ufige-fragen\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Haufige_Fragen\"><\/span>Frequently asked questions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"wird-eine-heirat-im-ausland-anerkannt-etwa-in-d\u00e4nemark\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Wird_eine_Heirat_im_Ausland_anerkannt_etwa_in_Danemark\"><\/span>Is a marriage recognized abroad, for example in Denmark?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In principle, yes, if it is valid under the law of the marriage location and does not violate essential principles of German law. For the subsequent move, the visa procedure with the German representation remains generally necessary.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"gelten-die-regeln-auch-f\u00fcr-gleichgeschlechtliche-paare\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gelten_die_Regeln_auch_fur_gleichgeschlechtliche_Paare\"><\/span>Do the rules apply to same-sex couples as well?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Yes. Since October 1st, 2017, same-sex couples can get married in Germany, and the same rules apply to them. For registered partnerships, \u00a7 27, paragraph 2 of the AufenthG prescribes the corresponding application.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"was-passiert-wenn-die-ehe-nach-der-einreise-scheitert\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Was_passiert_wenn_die_Ehe_nach_der_Einreise_scheitert\"><\/span>What happens if the marriage fails after entry?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The spouse of a German can obtain independent right of residence if the conjugal life has lasted for at least three years in Germany, or earlier in cases of special hardship (section 28, paragraph 3, in conjunction with section 31 of the AufenthG). Until then, the right of residence is tied to the marriage.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"wenn-ihr-antrag-stockt-oder-abgelehnt-wurde\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Wenn_Ihr_Antrag_stockt_oder_abgelehnt_wurde\"><\/span>If your application is stalled or rejected<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Disputes usually arise over three points: the representation demands evidence that the law does not require. The foreign authorities doubt the relationship. Or the application has been pending without a decision for months. As a lawyer in Cologne, I examine what requirements apply in your case, what documents are missing, and whether there is a possibility of legal recourse. Write to info@mth-partner.de or call 0221 80187670. Further information can be found on the page <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mth-partner.de\/en\/services\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Residence rights and immigration law in Cologne<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em>Lawyer Helmer Tieben, Cologne. The article was revised in October 2026 and is for general information purposes only.<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Especially in times of globalisation, it is becoming increasingly common for German nationals to find their partners abroad. However, the conditions under which these foreign partners can come to Germany are very confusingly regulated in the Residence Act.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13153,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3662],"tags":[405,705,706,711,812,834,1001,1114,1454,1471,1456,1469,1519,1521,1633],"class_list":["post-947","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-visum","tag-auf-einfache-art-in-der-deutschen-sprache-verstandigen","tag-ehegattennachzug-zu-deutschen-familiennachzug-zu-deutschen-gem--28-abs-1-nr-1-aufenthg","tag-ehegattennachzug-zu-deutschen-voraussetzungen","tag-eheschliesung-mit-einem-deutschen","tag-erteilungsvoraussetzungen-fur-visa-fur-die-einreise-nach-deutschland","tag-familiennachzug-zu-auslandern","tag-heiratsvisum-voraussetzungen","tag-klage-ehegattennachzug","tag-rechtsanwalt-koln-aufenthaltserlaubnis","tag-rechtsanwalt-koln-visum","tag-rechtsanwalt-koln-ehegattennachzug","tag-rechtsanwalt-koln-remonstration","tag-remonstration-bzw-die-klage-vor-dem-verwaltungsgericht","tag-remonstration-ehegattennachzug","tag-sprachqualifikation-des-auslanders"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Heiratsvisum &amp; Ehegattennachzug zu Deutschen 2026<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Heiratsvisum Deutschland beantragen oder Ehegattennachzug zu Deutschen? \u2713 Voraussetzungen \u2713 Ablauf Schritt f\u00fcr Schritt \u2713 Ohne A1? \u2713 Rechtsmittel bei Ablehnung. 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